CEACAMs serve as toxin-stimulated receptors for enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

Glycosphingolipids as toxin receptors.

A number of proteins produced by certain bacteria and plants are potently toxic to mammalian cells. This toxicity results from their ability to catalytically modify macromolecules that are required for essential cellular functions such as vesicular trafficking, cytoskeletal assembly, signalling or protein synthesis. To reach their targets, these proteins bind specific surface receptors before e...

Glycolipids as receptors for Bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxin.

The development of pest resistance threatens the effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins used in transgenic and organic farming. Here, we demonstrate that (i) the major mechanism for Bt toxin resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans entails a loss of glycolipid carbohydrates; (ii) Bt toxin directly and specifically binds glycolipids; and (iii) this binding is carbohydrate-dependent and ...

Secretory IgA Serve as Receptors for Ricin Oligosaccharide Side Chains on Human

LDL receptor and its family members serve as the cellular receptors for vesicular stomatitis virus.

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exhibits a remarkably robust and pantropic infectivity, mediated by its coat protein, VSV-G. Using this property, recombinant forms of VSV and VSV-G-pseudotyped viral vectors are being developed for gene therapy, vaccination, and viral oncolysis and are extensively used for gene transduction in vivo and in vitro. The broad tropism of VSV suggests that it enters ...

G protein-coupled receptors serve as mechanosensors for fluid shear stress in neutrophils.

Many cells respond to fluid shear stress but in a cell type-specific fashion. Fluid shear stress applied to leukocytes serves to control pseudopod formation, migration, and other functions. Specifically, fresh neutrophils or neutrophilic leukocytes derived from differentiated HL60 cells respond to fluid shear stress by cytoplasmic pseudopod retraction. The membrane elements that sense fluid she...